amblyopia and hallucinations
- amblyopia and hallucinations
Amblyopia is also known as 'lazy eye'. The term comes from the Greek noun ambluopia, which means weakness of vision. It is used to denote an indistinct or poor vision, usually -although not necessarily - limited to one eye. The lifetime prevalence of amblyopia is estimated to lie between 1 and 5%. Amblyopia may go unnoticed in milder cases, due to compensation by the stronger eye. Severe amblyopia, however, can present itselfin the form of diminished depth perception, diminished spatial acuity, diminished sensitivity to contrast, and in some cases reduced sensitivity to motion. Etiologically, amblyopia is associated with a variety of conditions, including visual deprivation early in life (as in developmental amblyopia), retrochiasmal lesions to the visual system (as in " cerebral amblyopia), and astigmatism (as in meridional amblyopia). In rare instances, amblyopia can be complicated by " visual hallucinations, referred to sometimes as " ophthalmopathic hallucinations. The term tobacco amblyopia is reserved for cases of diminished visual acuity due to extreme nicotine intoxication.
References
Mills, C.K., Camp, C.D. (1905). A case of visual hallucinations and crossed amblyopia with vascular and degenerative lesions in the cal-carine cortex and other portions of the occipital lobe; also with atrophy of the pregeniculae and optic tracts. American Journal of Insanity, 62, 77-84.
Chua, B.E.-G., Johnson, K., Martin, F. (2004).
A retrospective review of the associations between amblyopia type, patient age, treatment compliance and referral patterns. Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology, 32, 175-179.
Dictionary of Hallucinations.
J.D. Blom.
2010.
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